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Edward Freeborough
Edward Freeborough (18 August 1830 – 14 September 1896)〔Jeremy Gaige, ''Chess Personalia: A Biobibliography'', McFarland, 1987, p. 126. ISBN 0-7864-2353-6.〕 was the co-author, with Charles Ranken, of ''Chess Openings Ancient and Modern'' (1889), one of the first important opening treatises in the English language and a precursor of ''Modern Chess Openings''.〔Mike Fox and Richard James, ''The Even More Complete Chess Addict'', Faber and Faber, 1993, p. 19. ISBN 0-571-17040-4.〕 He was a member of the editorial staff of the ''British Chess Magazine'' from 1883 until his death in 1896.〔Philip W. Sergeant, ''A Century of British Chess'', David McKay, 1934, pp. 190, 229.〕 He also wrote the books ''Chess Endings'' (1891, 1896) and ''Select Chess End-Games from Actual Play'' (1895, 1899), and edited the book ''Analysis of the Chess Ending, King and Queen Against King and Rook'' by "Euclid" (a pseudonym for A. Crosskill) (1895).〔Betts 2005, pp. 240, 248–49, 257, 599. ISBN 80-7189-557-1.〕
Freeborough had just completed the third edition of ''Chess Openings Ancient and Modern'' and transmitted the final version to the publisher "when he was struck down by a sudden and mortal illness".〔E. Freeborough and C.E. Ranken, ''Chess Openings Ancient and Modern'', Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co. (3rd ed. 1896), p. 1.〕
==Legacy book==
The first edition of the book was published in 1889. Later editions were published in 1893, 1896, and 1910.〔Douglas A. Betts, ''An Annotated Bibliography of Works Published in the English Language, 1850–1968'', Moravian Chess Publishing House, 2005 (reprint of original book published by G.K. Hall and Co., 1974), p. 182, 184, 186, 191, 599. ISBN 80-7189-557-1.〕〔(Review of Chess Openings Ancient & Modern ). Chessville.com. Retrieved on 2009-10-19.〕 It was one of the first opening books written in columnar form: columns of move-sequences thought to constitute best play, presented in chess notation and concluding with a symbol indicating the analyst's assessment of the final position (such as "equal", "White wins", or "advantage to Black").〔Andrew Soltis, ''The wisest things ever said about chess'', Batsford, 2008, p. 190. ISBN 978-1-906388-00-3.〕 The book also set forth a number of general principles,〔E. Freeborough and C.E. Ranken, ''Chess Openings Ancient and Modern'', Trübner and Co. (1st ed. 1889), pp. 13–16.〕〔E. Freeborough and C.E. Ranken, ''Chess Openings Ancient and Modern'', Kegan Paul, Trench, Trübner and Co. (3rd ed. 1896), pp. 13–16.〕 many of which are still valid today.〔
Even modern grandmasters study the book. Frank Brady wrote in his biography of World Champion Bobby Fischer that ''Chess Openings Ancient and Modern'' was one of the most heavily annotated books in Fischer's personal library. Fischer had pencilled in his own analyses of the Scotch Game, Giuoco Piano, Evans Gambit, Bishop's Gambit, Danish Gambit, and other openings.〔Frank Brady, ''Profile of a Prodigy'' (2nd ed. 1973), David McKay, p. 11.〕 Referring specifically to the analysis in ''Chess Openings Ancient and Modern'', Grandmaster Robert Byrne wrote in a 1991 New York Times chess column, "Ingenious strategies and tactics were tried out in the old days, and if your opponent knows them and you don't, you are in for a pounding."〔Robert Byrne, ''New York Times'', 27 October 1991 (Chess ) Retrieved on 2 December 2008.〕 Likewise Fischer, in his famous book ''My 60 Memorable Games'', annotating an Evans Gambit that he had won against Reuben Fine, cited analysis from the 1893 edition of ''Chess Openings Ancient and Modern'' as an improvement on Fine's ninth move.〔Bobby Fischer, ''My 60 Memorable Games'', Faber and Faber, p. 278. ISBN 0-571-09987-4. The game may be played over (here ). Retrieved on 8 December 2008.〕
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